On June 25, 2026, the Supreme Court ruled 6-3 in Mullin v. Doe that the Temporary Protected Status statute bars judicial review of non-constitutional challenges to the termination of TPS for Haiti and Syria, and that the equal protection claim alleging racial motivation for the Haiti decision was unlikely to succeed. The decision reversed lower court orders that had postponed the terminations. Fisher Phillips reported that USCIS confirmed Haiti's TPS designation terminated effective July 27, 2026, invalidating employment authorization documents under categories A12 and C19, with expiration set for July 24. Roughly 350,000 Haitian nationals and 6,000 Syrian nationals are affected.
Florida, home to 113,000 Haitian TPS holders, the most of any state, is experiencing effects associated with the termination. Broward County superintendent Howard Hepburn indicated at a budget hearing that the termination could affect enrollment in the Tri-County area. The district faces a shortfall of nearly $100 million. Orange County Public Schools, the eighth-largest district in the country with about 209,000 students, lost nearly 50 employees, mostly support staff, following the termination, according to Hoodline. Palm Beach County lost 19 employees in connection with the same termination.
Enrollment shifts are also visible. Miami-Dade County Public Schools reported about 2,550 students entering from another country this school year, down from nearly 14,000 last year and more than 20,000 the year before, according to the Associated Press. The district attributed the drop to fewer immigrant families moving to South Florida, a decline that erased about $70 million from its annual budget. No district has published data separating TPS-attributable declines from longer-term trends such as rising housing costs and Florida's Family Empowerment Scholarship program, according to Haiti Politic.
Preparedness and district protocols
Districts have responded with protocols and workshops. Detroit Public Schools Community District adopted an official immigration protocol directing staff to help families develop emergency care and custody plans, designate trusted adults for emergency contact and school pickup, keep contact information current, and convene crisis response teams with counselors and social workers. The protocol specifies that ICE needs a judicial warrant to enter a school, and that an administrative immigration warrant is not sufficient. New Jersey's education department issued guidance for local districts covering staff training on security protocols and student rights, emergency contacts, and continuity of operations plans. One district serving many TPS families has held family preparedness workshops where parents create caregiver affidavits with notaries, with more workshops planned for fall 2026, according to Colorín Colorado.
Legal and historical context
The ruling follows an earlier attempt to end Haiti's TPS. In 2018, the administration moved to terminate the designation, but court orders blocked it. In 2021, Haiti was redesignated for TPS, citing gang violence, human-rights abuse, poverty, and food insecurity. The 2018 attempt was ultimately reversed through litigation. Haiti's TPS designation, first granted in 2010, had been in effect for about 16 years before the current termination succeeded. The Supreme Court opinion noted that the administration has terminated every TPS designation that has come up for renewal, including a separate case involving Venezuela's designation, and cited that pattern as a race-neutral explanation for the Haiti decision.
Research on enforcement and attendance
A peer-reviewed study of five school districts in California's Central Valley found that immigration raids in January and February 2025 coincided with a 22 percent increase in daily student absences, a statistically significant result, and estimated more than 725,000 lost student days across the four-county region. The authors wrote that whether these effects extend beyond the Central Valley remains an open question. A KFF analysis of 2023 American Community Survey data estimated that 17 percent of U.S. school-aged children, about 9 million, live in a household with at least one noncitizen adult who could be affected by enforcement fears, with shares as high as 32 percent in California, 25 percent in Texas, 24 percent in New Jersey, and 23 percent in Nevada. The analysis linked enforcement to chronic absenteeism, enrollment drops, and other negative outcomes, though those effects are not specific to TPS.